Buda Castle (Royal Palace) in Budapest

History of Buda Castle

Renaissance Splendor

In the 15th century, Buda Castle reached its peak magnificence during the reign of King Matthias Corvinus. Influenced by the Renaissance movement, King Matthias commissioned the construction of a new palace in Renaissance style. This era marked a golden age for Buda, attracting artists and craftsmen from across the continent.

Expansion and Modernization

Following the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, Buda Castle underwent further reconstruction and expansion to symbolize Hungary’s newfound independence. Architects Miklos Ybl and Alajos Hauszmann played pivotal roles in transforming the palace into a grand complex. The reconstruction incorporated elements of Baroque and Classicist styles, creating a harmonious blend of architectural influences.

World War II and Restoration

During World War II, Buda Castle was heavily damaged once again. However, restoration efforts began in 1950 under the guidance of architect Istvan Janaki. The reconstruction incorporated the rediscovered ruins of the Renaissance period, seamlessly blending the old with the new.

Architecture of Buda Castle

Buda Castle boasts a magnificent architectural design that showcases a fusion of Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, and Classicist styles. The main structure of the castle, known as the Royal Palace, has a more austere appearance compared to its predecessors. The interior, devoid of ornamentation, reflects the changing tastes and styles over the centuries. The palace complex is composed of different wings, designated by letters from A to F, surrounding the Lion Courtyard.

Hungarian National Gallery

Within Buda Castle, the Hungarian National Gallery occupies four wings (A to D) and houses an extensive collection of Hungarian artwork spanning from the Middle Ages to the present day. Notable highlights include 14th and 15th-century altarpieces, exhibited in the former throne room. The gallery also boasts a remarkable collection of Romanticist paintings, including works by acclaimed Hungarian artist Mihaly Munkacsy.

National Library

Situated in the western wing of the palace, opposite the Hungarian National Gallery, the National Library holds a prestigious collection of books and manuscripts. Founded in the early 19th century by Ferenc Szechenyi, the library initially consisted of his private collection of over 1,500 books and manuscripts. Today, it houses copies of every book published in Hungary.

Exploring Buda Castle

Opening Hours and Ticket Information

The gardens and courtyards of Buda Castle are open 24 hours a day, allowing visitors to enjoy the scenic surroundings at their leisure. However, access to certain areas, such as the museums, is subject to their respective opening hours. The Hungarian National Gallery is open from Tuesday to Sunday, from 10:00 AM to 6:00 PM, while the Budapest History Museum is open every day except Mondays. It is advisable to check the official websites for any updates or changes to opening hours. Tickets can be purchased on-site, and various ticket options are available for adults, students, and pensioners.

Surrounding Attractions

After exploring Buda Castle, take the opportunity to visit some of the other magnificent landmarks in the vicinity. The Fisherman’s Bastion, an ideal vantage point to admire Budapest’s panoramic views, is a must-see attraction. Adjacent to it is the Matthias Church, a stunning example of Gothic architecture. Another notable site is Vienna Gate Square (Becsi Kapu), where a market was once held, and a decorative gate symbolizing the Christian revival of Buda stands. Explore these attractions to gain a deeper appreciation for Budapest’s rich history and architectural wonders.

The Tunnel under Buda Castle

Just in front of the Chain Bridge, a tunnel passes through the hill on which Buda Castle stands. Designed by engineer Adam Clark, who also built the first permanent bridge in Budapest, the tunnel opened for foot traffic in 1856. Although no longer accessible today, the tunnel was also used for motor traffic in subsequent years. With a length of 350 meters and a height of 11 meters, the tunnel is considered the gateway to the city and has played a significant role in calculating distances between Budapest and other cities. The square across from the tunnel is dedicated to Adam Clark, featuring a statue in his honor.